Inside the New Hunt for a Cure to Growing Old
By Glenn Harlan Reynolds / Source: Popular Mechanics
Old age has always been like the weather: Everybody talks about aging, but nobody does anything about it. Oh, they've tried. For millennia, charlatans have been offering remedies for aging that didn't work any better than baldness cures and virility restorers.
Now, however, with baldness cures and virility restorers that do work found as close as the nearest drugstore, researchers have started looking into ways to slow, stop or perhaps even reverse the changes that accompany aging. If these scientists succeed, their breakthroughs may lead to major changes in human society.
We've long regarded aging as something almost mystical or supernatural, and it's easy to see why. Unlike, say, smallpox, aging doesn't come on suddenly or spread from person to person. You also don't recover from it, as you do from most infectious diseases. It happens gradually, and it's pretty much unrelenting. Eyesight dims, joints get stiff and achy, teeth go bad and, in general, things just keep getting worse until death arrives.
But research demonstrates that aging isn't a supernatural process; it's a physical one that gradually occurs as systems wear out beyond the body's ability to repair them. Cells fill up with metabolic debris called lipofuscin that they can't digest, accompanied by decreasing functionality. They also undergo glycation, gumming up and caramelizing with sugars that have bonded to proteins. Mitochondrial DNA can suffer mutations, and the body slowly loses stem cells, which weakens healing and repair.
Aging is breakdown, but broken things can be fixed. After all, cars and airplanes tend to wear out as they get older, but with sufficient maintenance they can last far beyond their design life.
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